Mushure memakore anoda kusvika mana ebudiriro kuburitswa kweiyo vhezheni itsva ye "Qubes 4.1" yakaziviswa inova sisitimu yekushandisa yakanangana nekuchengetedzwa kwedesktop kuburikidza nekuzviparadzanisa nevamwe zvichienderana neXen hypervisor. Qubes OS ndeye yemahara uye yakavhurika sosi yekushandisa system.
Qubes inoshandisa iyo pfungwa yekushandisa hypervisor kune yakasimba application yekuzviparadzanisa nevamwe uye zvikamu zvehurongwa hwekushanda uye umo zvikumbiro zvakakamurwa kuva makirasi maererano nekukosha kwedheta inogadziriswa uye mabasa anogadziriswa.
Fedora neDebian inogona kushandiswa sehwaro hwekuvaka nharaunda, uye nharaunda inotsigirawo matemplate eUbuntu, Gentoo, uye Arch Linux, uye zvinokwanisika kuronga kuwanikwa kwekushandisa muWindows virtual muchina, pamwe nekugadzira Whonix- based virtual machines kupa kusazivikanwa kupinda kuburikidza neTor.
Chii chitsva muQubes 4.1
Mune iyi vhezheni itsva inoratidzwa, the kuyedza rutsigiro rweAudio Domain, yakaparadzana odhiyo server nharaunda inobvumidza iwe kudhonza zvikamu zveodhiyo kugadzirisa kubva kuDom0.
Imwe shanduko inomira pachena ndeyekuti chivakwa chitsva chaitwa kuitira kugadzirisa, kuvaka otomatiki, uye kuyedzwa kwemamwe maratidziro emamiriro ekunze matemplate. Pamusoro peGentoo, zvivakwa inopa rutsigiro rweArch Linux matemplate uye Linux kernel bvunzo.
Izvo zvakare zvakasimbiswa izvo yakagadziridzwa kuvaka uye bvunzo system, yakawedzera rutsigiro rwekutarisa muGitLab CI-yakavakirwa inoenderera yekubatanidza sisitimu, uyezve basa rakaitwa kuita tsigiro yezvivakwa zvinodzokororwa zveDebian-based nharaunda, iyo inogona kushandiswa kusimbisa kuti zvikamu zveQubes zvinounganidza chaizvo kubva kune zvakaziviswa zvinyorwa uye hazvina. extraneous shanduko, kutsiva iyo, semuenzaniso, inogona kuitwa nekurwisa kuvaka kwekuvaka kana mireza mune compiler.
Kune rimwe divi, zvinoratidzwa izvo yakawedzera qrexec policy yekumashure maitiro uye a itsva yekutonga system yeiyo Qrexec RPC injini izvo zvinokutendera kuti uite mirairo mumamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo chaiwo nharaunda. Iyo Qrexec mutemo system inotsanangura kuti ndiani anogona kuita chii uye kupi paQubes.
Kunze kwezvo, futi yakashandisa kugona kushandisa yakaparadzana GUI domain nharaunda nezvikamu kuve nechokwadi chekushanda kweiyo graphical interface. Pakutanga, munzvimbo dzakaita sekirasi yega yega yekushandisa, yakaparadzana X sevha, yakarerutswa hwindo maneja, uye yekubatsira vhidhiyo mutyairi akaburitswa iyo yakadudzira kuburitsa kune yekudzora nharaunda mune inoumbwa modhi, asi iyo graphics stack zvikamu, iyo huru desktop hwindo maneja. , zvidzoreso zvekuratidzira, uye madhiraivha emifananidzo zvese zvakamhanya munzvimbo huru.
Mabasa ane chekuita nemifananidzo anogona ikozvino kutamiswa kubva kuDom0 kuenda kune yakaparadzana GUI domain nharaunda uye yakaparadzaniswa kubva kune system manejimendi zvikamu.
Of the dzimwe shanduko izvo zvinoratidzika kubva pane iyi nyowani vhezheni:
- Yakagadziridzwa rutsigiro rweakakwira pixel density kuratidza.
- Yakawedzera tsigiro yeakasiyana cursor maumbirwo.
- Yakaitwa chiziviso pamusoro pekushaikwa kwemahara disk nzvimbo.
- Yakawedzerwa rutsigiro rweParanoid Backup recovery mode, iyo inoshandisa imwe-nguva chaiyo nharaunda yekupora.
Iyo yekuisa inopa iyo sarudzo yekusarudza pakati peDebian neFedora kune chaiwo muchina matemplate. - Yakawedzera nyowani graphical interface kugadzirisa zvigadziriso.
- Yakawedzera Template Manager utility yekuisa, kubvisa uye kugadzirisa matemplate.
- Yakavandudzwa nzira yekugovera template.
- Iyo Dom0 base nharaunda yakakwidziridzwa kuFedora 32 base package.
- Iwo matemplate ekugadzira chaiwo nharaunda akagadziridzwa kuFedora 34, Debian 11, uye Whonix 16.
- Iyo yakasarudzika Linux kernel ndeye 5.10. Yakagadziridzwa Xen 4.14 hypervisor uye Xfce 4.14 graphical nharaunda.
- Kunyora patsva firewall kuita.
- Matatu matsva emamiriro ekunze matemplate akavakirwa paGentoo Linux anotsanangurwa: mashoma, neXfce uye neGNOME.
Si unoda kuziva zvishoma nezvazvo yeiyi vhezheni nyowani, unogona kuverenga izvo zviri muQubes OS 4.1 yekuburitsa chinyorwa pa next link.
Dhawunirodha Qubes OS
Kana iwe uchida kuyedza iyi Qubes OS pIwe unogona kuzviita nekukodha iyo system mufananidzo kubva kune yayo yepamutemo webhusaiti uye muchikamu chayo chekurodha uchachiwana, unogona kuzviita mu inotevera chinongedzo.
Izvo zvakakosha kusimbisa kuti Qubes OS haigone chete kuiswa seyakanyanya inoshanda sisitimu, asi zvakare inopa mukana wekugona kuyedza mune yayo Live vhezheni.